To pass the examination, a candidate must have passed each paper or obtained the minimum grades as specified in the IPREE (Art. 14(1) REE, R. 6(1), (3) and (4) IPREE). The possibility of being awarded the grade "Compensable fail" in an individual paper (R. 6(3)(c) IPREE) is no longer restricted to first sitters. If, despite this compensatory measure, a candidate fails the examination, he must resit those papers which he did not pass (Art. 16(1) REE). For decisions relating to "borderline cases" under the former REE, see "Case Law of the Boards of Appeal", 5th ed. 2006, V.2.4 and also D 23/08.